What Is a Normal Menstrual Cycle

Understanding your menstrual cycle is fundamental to recognizing what's normal for your body and when to seek medical advice. Every person's cycle is unique, but there are general patterns that help define what's considered normal.

What It Means

A menstrual cycle is the monthly hormonal cycle that prepares your body for potential pregnancy. It begins on the first day of your period and ends the day before your next period starts. The cycle involves several phases, each regulated by different hormones.

Common Characteristics

A normal menstrual cycle typically includes:

• Cycle length: 21 to 35 days (average is 28 days)
• Period duration: 2 to 7 days
• Blood flow: Moderate flow, typically heaviest on the first two days
• Regularity: Cycles that vary by no more than 7 days from month to month

What Is Normal

It's completely normal for cycles to vary slightly. Factors that can influence your cycle include:

• Age (cycles may be irregular during puberty and perimenopause)
• Stress levels
• Changes in weight or exercise routine
• Travel or changes in routine
• Birth control methods

Your cycle is considered regular if it falls within the 21-35 day range consistently, even if it's not exactly the same length every month.

What Is Not Normal

You should consult a healthcare provider if you experience:

• Cycles shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days consistently
• Periods that last longer than 7 days
• Very heavy bleeding (soaking through a pad or tampon every hour for several hours)
• Bleeding between periods
• No period for 90 days or more (if not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause)
• Severe pain that interferes with daily activities

When to See a Doctor

Schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider if:

• Your cycles are consistently irregular
• You experience sudden changes in your cycle pattern
• You have concerns about your menstrual health
• You're trying to conceive and want to understand your cycle better

Remember, tracking your cycle can help you identify patterns and notice any changes that might need medical attention.